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Endurance training-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and gene expression

Margarita Teran-Garcia, Tuomo Rankinen, Robert A. Koza, D. C. Rao, Claude Bouchard
American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism Published 9 May 2005 Vol. 288 no. 6, E1168-E1178 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2004
Margarita Teran-Garcia
Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Tuomo Rankinen
Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Robert A. Koza
Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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D. C. Rao
Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Claude Bouchard
Human Genomics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center; Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana; Division of Biostatistics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Abstract

The beneficial effects of regular physical activity on insulin sensitivity (SI) and glucose tolerance are well documented, with considerable heterogeneity in responsiveness to exercise training (ET). To find novel candidate genes for ET-induced improvement in SI, we used microarray technology. Total RNA was isolated from vastus lateralis muscle before and after 20 wk of exercise from individuals participating in the HERITAGE Family Study. SI index was derived from a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test using MINMOD Millennium software. Sixteen subjects were selected: eight showing no changes in SI (low responders, LSIR) and eight displaying marked improvement in SI (high responders, HSIR) with ET. The SI increase was about four times greater in HSIR compared with LSIR (+3.6 ± 0.5 vs. −1.2 ± 0.5 μU·ml−1·min−1, mean ± SE), whereas age, body mass index, percent body fat, and baseline SI were similar between the groups. Triplicate microarrays were performed, comparing pooled RNA with HSIR and LSIR individuals for differences in gene expression before and after ET using in situ-generated microarrays (18, 861 genes). Array data were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. Almost twice as many genes showed at least twofold differences between HSIR and LSIR after training compared with pretraining. We identified differentially expressed genes involved in energy metabolism and signaling, novel structural genes, and transcripts of unknown function. Genes of interest upregulated in HSIR include V-Ski oncogene, four-and-a-half LIM domain 1, and titin. Further study of these novel candidate genes should provide a better understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the improvement in insulin sensitivity in response to regular exercise.

  • microarray
  • MINMOD Millennium
  • exercise training
  • Copyright © 2005 by American Physiological Society
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microarray
MINMOD Millennium
exercise training
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Endurance training-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and gene expression

Margarita Teran-Garcia, Tuomo Rankinen, Robert A. Koza, D. C. Rao, Claude Bouchard
American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism Published 1 June 2005 Vol. 288 no. 6, E1168-E1178 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2004

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Endurance training-induced changes in insulin sensitivity and gene expression
Margarita Teran-Garcia, Tuomo Rankinen, Robert A. Koza, D. C. Rao, Claude Bouchard
American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism Jun 2005, 288 (6) E1168-E1178; DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2004
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