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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (January 13, 2009). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90926.2008
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Submitted on November 12, 2008
Revised on January 9, 2009
Accepted on January 12, 2009

ACYL-COENZYME A:CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASES

Ta-Yuan Chang1*, Bo-Liang Li Professor2, Catherine C Chang1, and Yasuomi Urano1

1 Dartmouth Medical School
2 Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ta.yuan.chang{at}dartmouth.edu.

The enzymes acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferases (ACATs) are membrane bound proteins that utilize long-chain fatty acyl-coenzyme A and cholesterol as substrates to form cholesteryl esters. In mammals, two isoenzymes, ACAT1 and ACAT2, encoded by two different genes, exist. ACATs play important roles in cellular cholesterol homeostasis in various tissues. This Chapter summarizes the current knowledge on ACAT related research in two areas: 1) ACAT genes and proteins; 2) ACAT enzymes as drug targets for atherosclerosis and for Alzheimer's disease.




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