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Subcutaneous adipose tissue exerts proinflammatory cytokines after minimal trauma in humans

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Metabolism, Medical University Graz; ²Joanneum Research Forschungsgesellschaft mbh, Institute of Medical Technologies and Healthmanagement; and ³Division of Pediatric Rheumatology/Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria

Submitted 15 January 2007 ; accepted in final form 19 June 2007

Inflammatory cytokines released from adipose tissue play an important role in different pathological processes. In the present study, we investigated the inflammatory cytokine response of human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) by applying the open-flow microperfusion technique. Four standard 18-gauge microperfusion catheters were inserted into periumbilical SAT of eight healthy male volunteers [29 ± 3 yr, BMI 24.3 ± 1.9 (mean ± SD)]. SAT probe effluents were collected at 60-min intervals for 8 h after catheter insertion. Different perfusion fluids were used to measure the local effect of insulin and/or glucose on the cytokine response. SAT probe effluents were analyzed for IL-1, IL-6, CXCL8 (IL-8), and TNF-. SAT concentrations of IL-1 increased 100-fold from 1.0 ± 0.2 pg/ml (mean ± SE) to 101.5 ± 23.2 pg/ml (P < 0.001) after 8 h. A 130-fold increase was observed for CXCL8, from 49 ± 29 to 6,554 ± 1,713 pg/ml (P < 0.001). Furthermore, a 20-fold increase of IL-6 was observed within the first 5 h (from 159 ± 123 to 3,554 ± 394 pg/ml; P < 0.001), and a significant decline to 2,154 ± 216 pg/ml (P < 0.01) was seen thereafter. Finally, TNF- increased from 1.4 ± 0.6 to 2.5 ± 0.5 pg/ml (P < 0.05) in hour 2 and remained stable thereafter. Local administration of insulin exerted a stimulatory effect on the inflammatory response of IL-6. In conclusion, SAT exerts a highly reproducible and consistent proinflammatory cytokine response after minimally invasive trauma caused by the insertion of a catheter in humans.

open-flow microperfusion; interstitial fluid; acute inflammation

This article has been cited by other articles:

				G. Murdolo, C. Herder, Z. Wang, B. Rose, M. Schmelz, and P.-A. Jansson In situ profiling of adipokines in subcutaneous microdialysates from lean and obese individuals Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, November 1, 2008; 295(5): E1095 - E1105. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]