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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 288: E861-E867, 2005. First published December 7, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00292.2004
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Sympathetic nervous system activity in rat thyroid: potential role in goitrogenesis

James B. Young, M. Elizabeth Bürgi-Saville, Ulrich Bürgi, and Lewis Landsberg

Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois; and the Endocrine and Diabetes Division, University Clinic of Medicine, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland

Submitted 2 July 2004 ; accepted in final form 4 December 2004

The role of sympathetic innervation in regulation of thyroid function is incompletely understood. We, therefore, carried out studies in rats utilizing techniques of norepinephrine turnover to assess thyroid sympathetic activity in vivo. Thyroidal sympathetic activity was increased 95% by exposure to cold (4°C), 42% by chronic ingestion of an iodine-deficient diet, and 32% in rats fed a goitrogenic diet (low-iodine diet supplemented with propylthiouracil). In addition, fasting for 2 days reduced sympathetic nervous system activity in thyroid by 38%. Thyroid growth and 125I uptake were also compared in intact and decentralized hemithyroids obtained from animals subjected to unilateral superior cervical ganglion decentralization. Unilateral superior cervical ganglion decentralization led to a reduction in thyroid weight, in 125I uptake by thyroid tissue, and in TSH-induced stimulation of 125I uptake in decentralized hemithyroids. These results suggest that sympathetic activity in thyroid contributes to gland enlargement and may modulate tissue responsiveness to TSH.

cold exposure; diet; fasting; iodine deficiency; pregnancy


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: J. B. Young, Northwestern Univ.-Chicago, Ward 4-161, 303 East Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611-3008 (E-mail:jbyoung{at}northwestern.edu)




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