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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283: E259-E266, 2002. First published March 27, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00178.2001
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Vol. 283, Issue 2, E259-E266, August 2002

Effect of enteral vs. parenteral glucose delivery on initial splanchnic glucose uptake in nondiabetic humans

Adrian Vella1, Pankaj Shah1, Rita Basu1, Ananda Basu1, Michael Camilleri2, W. Frederick Schwenk3, and Robert A. Rizza1

Divisions of 1 Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nutrition and 2 Gastroenterology, Departments of Internal Medicine and 3 Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905

To determine if enteral delivery of glucose influences splanchnic glucose metabolism, 10 subjects were studied when glucose was either infused into the duodenum at a rate of 22 µmol · kg-1 · min-1 and supplemental glucose given intravenously or when all glucose was infused intravenously while saline was infused intraduodenally. Hormone secretion was inhibited with somatostatin, and glucose (~8.5 mmol/l) and insulin (~450 pmol/l) were maintained at constant but elevated levels. Intravenously infused [6,6-2H2]glucose was used to trace the systemic appearance of intraduodenally infused [3-3H]glucose, whereas UDP-glucose flux (an index of hepatic glycogen synthesis) was measured using the acetaminophen glucuronide method. Despite differences in the route of glucose delivery, glucose production (3.5 ± 1.0 vs. 3.3 ± 1.0 µmol · kg-1 · min-1) and glucose disappearance (78.9 ± 5.7 vs. 85.0 ± 7.2 µmol · kg-1 · min-1) were comparable on intraduodenal and intravenous study days. Initial splanchnic glucose extraction (17.5 ± 4.4 vs. 14.5 ± 2.9%) and hepatic UDP-glucose flux (9.0 ± 2.0 vs. 10.3 ± 1.5 µmol · kg-1 · min-1) also did not differ on the intraduodenal and intravenous study days. These data argue against the existence of an "enteric" factor that directly (i.e., independently of circulating hormone concentrations) enhances splanchnic glucose uptake or hepatic glycogen synthesis in nondiabetic humans.

splanchnic glucose metabolism; postprandial hyperglycemia; acetaminophen glucuronide; hepatic glycogen synthesis; enteric signal


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