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1 Faculty of Medicine
Endocrinology, Memorial University of
Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland A1B 3V6, Canada; and
2 Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin and
Repatriation Medical Centre, Victoria 3081, Australia
The expression of calcitropic genes and proteins was localized within murine placenta during late gestation (the time frame of active calcium transfer) with an analysis of several gene-deletion mouse models by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), the PTH/PTHrP receptor, calcium receptor, calbindin-D9k, Ca2+-ATPase, and vitamin D receptor were all highly expressed in a localized structure of the murine placenta, the intraplacental yolk sac, compared with trophoblasts. In the PTHrP gene-deleted or Pthrp-null placenta in which placental calcium transfer is decreased, calbindin-D9k expression was downregulated in the intraplacental yolk sac but not in the trophoblasts. These observations indicated that the intraplacental yolk sac contains calcium transfer and calcium-sensing capability and that it is a probable route of maternal-fetal calcium exchange in the mouse.
parathyroid hormone receptors; fetus; fetal development; placental calcium transfer; calcium receptor; calcitonin; calcitriol; vitamin D receptor; calbindin; vitamin D-dependent calcium-binding protein; calcium-ATPase; trophoblasts; in situ hybridization; immunohistochemistry; gene knockout mice
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