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1 Department of Human Nutrition, Seitoku University Graduate School, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
2 Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
3 Grand Forks Human Nutrition Research Center, The US Department of Agriculture Agricultural research Service, Grand Forks, ND, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yokoi{at}seitoku.ac.jp.
The objective of this study was to measure relationships between plasma zinc (Zn) concentrations and Zn kinetic parameters, and to measure relationships of Zn status with taste acuity, food frequency and hair Zn in humans. The subjects were 33 premenopausal women not taking oral contraceptives and dietary supplements containing iron and Zn. Main outcomes were plasma Zn concentrations, Zn kinetic parameters based on the three-compartment mammillary model using 67Zn as a tracer, electrical taste detection thresholds, and food frequencies. Lower plasma Zn was significantly (P < 0.01) associated with smaller sizes of the central and the lesser peripheral Zn pools; faster disappearance of tracer from plasma; higher transfer rate constants from the lesser peripheral pool to the central pool and from the central pool to the greater peripheral pool. The breakpoints in the plasma Zn-Zn kinetics relationship were found between 9.94 to 11.5 µmol/L of plasma Zn. Smaller size of the lesser peripheral pool was associated with lower frequency of beef consumption and higher frequency of bran breakfast cereal consumption. Hypozincemic women with plasma Zn less than 10.7 µmol/L or 700 ng/mL had decreased thresholds of electrical stimulation for gustatory nerves. Our results based on Zn kinetics support the conventional cutoff value of plasma Zn (10.7 µmol/L or 700 ng/mL) between normal and low Zn status.
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