| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
2 Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, The Panum Institue, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
3 Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark; Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, The Panum Institue, Copenhagen, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bkp{at}rh.dk.
Introduction: Insulin therapy to maintain euglycemia increases survival in critically ill patients. To explore possible mechanisms of action, we investigated the effect of endotoxin on circulating cytokines, free fatty acids (FFA), and leukocytes, during manipulated plasma glucose and insulin concentrations. Methods: Ten volunteers underwent three trials each receiving an intravenous bolus of endotoxin (0.2 ng/kg) during normoglycemia (Trial A, control), during a hyperglycemic clamp at 15mM (Trial B) and during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (Trial C). Results: Endotoxin induced an increase in neutrophil and a decrease in lymphocyte counts and an increase in serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as FFA. There was no difference in the TNF response between the three trials; the IL-6 levels were increased during the late phase of Trials B and C, compared to Trial A. The endotoxin-induced elevation in FFA in Trial A was suppressed during Trial B and C. Clamping (Trial B and C) caused a reduction in lymphocyte count, which persisted after endotoxin injection. Conclusion: Low-dose endotoxemia triggers a subclinical inflammatory response and an elevation in FFA. The finding that high insulin serum concentrations induce a more prolonged increase in the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-6 and suppress the levels of FFA suggests that insulin treatment of patients with sepsis may exert beneficial effects by inducing anti-inflammation and protection against FFA toxicity and inhibit FFA induced insulin resistance.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  M. E. Stegenga, S. N. van der Crabben, R. M. E. Blumer, M. Levi, J. C. M. Meijers, M. J. Serlie, M. W. T. Tanck, H. P. Sauerwein, and T. van der Poll Hyperglycemia enhances coagulation and reduces neutrophil degranulation, whereas hyperinsulinemia inhibits fibrinolysis during human endotoxemia Blood, July 1, 2008; 112(1): 82 - 89. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Dotson, R. Freeman, H. J. Failing, and G. K. Adler Hypoglycemia Increases Serum Interleukin-6 Levels in Healthy Men and Women Diabetes Care, June 1, 2008; 31(6): 1222 - 1223. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 P. Kallio, M. Kolehmainen, D. E Laaksonen, L. Pulkkinen, M. Atalay, H. Mykkanen, M. Uusitupa, K. Poutanen, and L. Niskanen Inflammation markers are modulated by responses to diets differing in postprandial insulin responses in individuals with the metabolic syndrome Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, May 1, 2008; 87(5): 1497 - 1503. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. Krogh-Madsen, P. Plomgaard, T. Akerstrom, K. Moller, O. Schmitz, and B. K. Pedersen Effect of short-term intralipid infusion on the immune response during low-dose endotoxemia in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2008; 294(2): E371 - E379. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Pachler, D. Ikeoka, J. Plank, H. Weinhandl, M. Suppan, J. K. Mader, M. Bodenlenz, W. Regittnig, H. Mangge, T. R. Pieber, et al. Subcutaneous adipose tissue exerts proinflammatory cytokines after minimal trauma in humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2007; 293(3): E690 - E696. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 S. Taudorf, K. S. Krabbe, R. M. G. Berg, B. K. Pedersen, and K. Moller Human Models of Low-Grade Inflammation: Bolus versus Continuous Infusion of Endotoxin Clin. Vaccine Immunol., March 1, 2007; 14(3): 250 - 255. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 K. H. Treiber, D. S. Kronfeld, and R. J. Geor Insulin Resistance in Equids: Possible Role in Laminitis J. Nutr., July 1, 2006; 136(7): 2094S - 2098S. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 J. H. Southerland, G. W. Taylor, and S. Offenbacher Diabetes and Periodontal Infection: Making the Connection Clin. Diabetes, October 1, 2005; 23(4): 171 - 178. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 R. G. Martindale and G. Cresci Preventing Infectious Complications With Nutrition Intervention JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr, January 1, 2005; 29(1_suppl): S53 - S56. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
