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1 Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
2 Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: bsl{at}kvl.dk.
Background: Peptide YY (PYY) 3-36 has been shown to produce dramatic reductions in energy intake (EI), but no human data exist regarding energy expenditure (EE), glucose and fat metabolism. Nothing is known regarding PYY1-36. Objective: To compare effects of PYY1-36 and PYY3-36 on appetite, EI, EE, insulin, glucose and free fatty acids (FFA) concentrations. Design: Twelve lean and 12 obese males participated in a blinded, randomised, crossover study with 90 minute infusions of saline, 0.8 pmol/kg/min PYY1-36 and PYY3-36. Only 4 participants completed PYY3-36 infusions because of nausea. Subsequently 6 lean and 8 obese participants completed 0.2 pmol/kg/min PYY3-36 and 1.6 pmol/kg/min PYY1-36 infusions. Results: 0.8 pmol/kg/min PYY3-36 produced reduced EI, lower ratings of well-being, increases in FFA, postprandial glucose (only 0.8 pmol/kg/min PYY3-36) and insulin concentrations, as well as heart rate and EE (only 0.8 pmol/kg/min PYY3-36). 1.6 pmol/kg/min PYY1-36 produced increased heart rate and postprandial insulin response. Ratings of appetite were opposite with infusions of 0.8 pmol/kg/min and 1.6 pmol/kg/min PYY1-36, and seemed to depend on subjects being lean or obese. Conclusion: PYY3-36 caused increased thermogenesis, lipolysis, postprandial insulin and glucose responses, suggestive of increased sympathoadrenal activity. PYY1-36 had no effect on EI and no clear effects on appetite, but resulted in increased heart rate and postprandial insulin response. However, highest tolerable dose of PYY1-36 was probably not reached in the present study.
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