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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (December 18, 2001). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00416.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print December 18, 2001
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 10.1152/ajpendo.00416.2001
Submitted on September 18, 2001
Accepted on December 15, 2001

Muscle fiber type is associated with obesity and weight loss

Charles J Tanner1, Hisham A Barakat2, G. L Dohm2, Walter J Pories3, Kenneth G MacDonald3, R. G Cunningham3, Melvin S Swanson2, and Joseph A Houmard1*

1 Exercise and Sport Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Diabetes/Obesity Center, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
2 Departments of Biochemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Diabetes/Obesity Center, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA
3 Surgery, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA; Diabetes/Obesity Center, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tannerc{at}mail.ecu.edu.

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that muscle fiber type is related to obesity. Fiber type was compared 1) in lean and obese women 2) in Caucasian (C) and African American (AA) women and 3) in obese individuals who lost weight after gastric bypass surgery. When comparing lean (BMI, 24.0±0.9 kg/m2 ; n=28) and obese (34.8±0.9 kg/m2 , n=25) women there were significant (P<0.05) differences in muscle fiber type. The obese women possessed less type I (41.5±1.8 vs 54.6±1.8%) and more type IIb (25.1±1.5 vs 14.4±1.5%) fibers than the lean. When accounting for ethnicity, the percentage of type IIb fibers in obese AA was significantly higher than in obese C (31.0±2.4% vs 19.2±1.9%); less type I fibers were also found in obese AA (34.5±2.8% vs 48.6±2.2%). These data are consistent with the higher incidence of obesity and greater weight gain reported in AA women. With weight loss intervention, there was a positive relationship (R=0.72, P<0.005) between the percentage of excess weight loss and the percentage of type I fibers in morbidly obese patients. These findings indicate there is a relationship between muscle fiber type and obesity.




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