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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (October 26, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00393.2004
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Submitted on August 25, 2004
Accepted on October 19, 2004

Human Soleus and Vastus Lateralis Muscle Protein Metabolism with an Amino Acid Infusion

Chad C. Carroll1, James D. Fluckey1, Rick H. Williams2, Dennis H. Sullivan3, and Todd A. Trappe1*

1 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Exercise Laboratory, DWR Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Department of Physioloy and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
2 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Exercise Laboratory, DWR Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA
3 Nutrition, Metabolism, and Exercise Laboratory, DWR Department of Geriatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA; Central Arkansas Veterans HealthCare System, Little Rock, AR, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ttrappe{at}bsu.edu.

The calf muscles, when compared to the thigh, are less responsive to resistance exercise in ambulatory and bedrested individuals, apparently due to muscle specific differences in protein metabolism. We chose to evaluate the efficacy of using amino acids to elevate protein synthesis in the soleus as amino acids have been shown to have a potent anabolic effect in the vastus lateralis. Mixed muscle protein synthesis in the soleus and vastus lateralis was measured before and after infusion of mixed amino acids in 10 individuals (28±1 y). Phosphorylation of p70S6K (Thr-389) and 4E-BP1 (Thr- 37/46) was also evaluated at rest and following three hours of amino acid infusion. Basal protein synthesis was similar (p=0.126) and amino acids stimulated protein synthesis to a similar extent (p=0.004) in the vastus lateralis (0.043±0.011%/h) and soleus (0.032±0.017%/h). Phosphorylation of p70S6K (p=0.443) and 4E-BP1 (p=0.192) was not increased in either muscle; however, the soleus contained more total (p=0.002) and phosphorylated (p=0.013) 4E-BP1 than the vastus lateralis. These data support the need for further study of amino acid supplementation as a means to compensate for the reduced effectiveness of calf resistance exercise in ambulatory individuals and those exposed to extended periods of unloading. The greater 4E-BP1 in the soleus suggests there is a muscle-specific distribution of general translational initiation machinery in human skeletal muscle.




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