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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (February 24, 2004). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00387.2003
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Submitted on August 26, 2003
Accepted on February 18, 2004

Acute Metabolic Acidosis Inhibits Muscle Protein Synthesis in Rats

Giuseppe Caso1*, Barbara A. Garlick1, George A. Casella1, Dawn Sasvary1, and Peter J. Garlick1

1 Department of Surgery, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Giuseppe.Caso{at}stonybrook.edu.

In this study we investigated the effect of acute metabolic acidosis on tissue protein synthesis. Groups of rats were made acidotic with intragastric administration of NH4Cl (20 mmol/kg BW every 12 h for 24 h) or given equimolar amounts of NaCl (controls). Protein synthesis in skeletal muscle and a variety of different tissues, including lymphocytes, was measured after 24 h by injection of L-[2H5]phenylalanine (150 µmol/ 100g BW, 40 Moles Percent). Results show that acute acidosis inhibits protein synthesis in skeletal muscle (-29% in gastrocnemius, -23% in plantaris and -17% in soleus muscles, P<0.01), but does not affect protein synthesis in heart, liver, gut, kidney and spleen. Protein synthesis in lymphocytes is also reduced by acidosis (-8%, P<0.05). In a separate experiment protein synthesis was also measured in acidotic and control rats by a constant infusion of L-[2H5]phenylalanine (1 µmol/100g body weight/hr). The results confirm the earlier findings showing an inhibition of protein synthesis in gastrocnemius (-28%, P<0.01) and plantaris (-19%, P<0.01) muscles but no effect on heart and liver by acidosis. Similar results were also observed using a different model of acute metabolic acidosis, in which rats were given a cation exchange resin in the H+ (acidotic) or the Na+ (controls) form. In conclusion this study demonstrates that acute metabolic acidosis for 24h depresses protein synthesis in skeletal muscle and lymphocytes but it does not alter protein synthesis in visceral tissues. Inhibition of muscle protein synthesis might be another mechanism contributing to the loss of muscle tissue observed in acidosis.




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