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1 The Finnish Twin Cohort Study, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Obesity Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
2 Obesity Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
3 The Finnish Twin Cohort Study, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
4 Department of Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
5 Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kirsi.pietilainen{at}helsinki.fi.
We determined whether acquired obesity is associated with increases in liver or intra-abdominal fat or impaired insulin sensitivity by studying monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant and concordant for obesity. We studied nineteen 24-27 yr old MZ twin pairs, with intra-pair differences in body weight ranging from 0.1 to 24.7 kg (BMI range 20.0-33.9 kg/m2), identified from a population-based FinnTwin16- sample. Fat distribution was determined by magnetic resonance imaging, percent body fat by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, liver fat by proton spectroscopy, insulin sensitivity by measuring the fasting insulin concentration and whole body insulin sensitivity by the euglycemic insulin clamp technique. Intra-pair differences in BMI were significantly correlated with those in intra-abdominal fat (r=0.82, p<0.001) and liver fat (r=0.57, p=0.010). Intra-pair differences in fasting insulin correlated with those in subcutaneous abdominal (r=0.60, p=0.008), intra-abdominal (r=0.75, p=0.0001) and liver (r=0.49, p=0.048) fat. Intra-pair differences in whole body insulin sensitivity correlated with those in subcutaneous abdominal (r=-0.72, p=0.001), intra-abdominal (r=-0.55, p=0.015) but not liver (r=-0.20, NS) fat. We conclude that acquired obesity is associated with increases in intra-abdominal and liver fat, and insulin resistance independent of genetic factors.
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