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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (November 20, 2001). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00367.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print November 20, 2001
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 10.1152/ajpendo.00367.2001
Submitted on August 14, 2001
Accepted on November 17, 2001

Bone as an ion exchange system: evidence for a link between mechanotransduction and metabolic needs

Alessandro Rubinacci1*, Maurizio Covini2, Claudio Bisogni2, Isabella Villa1, Manuela Galli2, Carla Palumbo3, Marzia Ferretti3, Maria Antonietta Muglia3, and Gastone Marotti3

1 Bone Metabolic Unit, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milano, Italy
2 Bioengineering, Politecnico of Milano, Milano, Italy
3 University of Modena, Morphological Sciences Human Anatomy, Modena, Italy

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: a.rubinacci{at}hsr.it.

In order to detect whether the mutual interaction occurring between the osteocytes-bone lining cells system (OBLCS) and the bone extracellular fluid (BECF), filling the lacuno-canalicular network, is affected by load through a modification of the BECF-ECF (systemic extracellular fluid) gradient, metatarsal bones of weanling mice, immersed in ECF, were subjected ex vivo to a 2' cyclic axial load by respectively varying the load parameters (amplitude and frequency). The electric (ionic) currents at the bone surface were measured by means of a vibrating probe after having exposed BECF to ECF through a transcortical hole drilled across the bone cortex.. The application of load increased the ionic current at the site of damage in a dose dependent manner. The post load current density subsequently decayed following an exponential pattern. Post-load increment's amplitude and subsequent decay were quantitatively and qualitatively dependent upon bone viability. Dummy and static loads did not induce current density modifications. Since BECF is perturbed by loading, it is conceivable that OBLCS tends to restore BECF preload conditions by controlling ion fluxes at the bone-plasma interface to fulfill metabolic needs. Since the electric current reflects the integrated activity of OBLCS, its evaluation in transgenic mice engineered to possess genetic lesions in channels or matrix constituents could be helpful in the characterization of the mechanical and metabolic functions of bone.







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