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1 Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
2 Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
3 Department of Endocrinology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: charkoudian.nisha{at}mayo.edu.
Microvascular pathophysiology associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) contributes to several aspects of the morbidity associated with the disease. We quantified the contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to the cutaneous vasodilator response to non-painful local warming in subjects with T2DM (average duration of DM 7 ± 1 yr) and in age-matched control subjects. We measured skin blood flow in conjunction with intradermal microdialysis of L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor) or vehicle during 35 minutes of local warming to 42° C. Microdialysis of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) was used for assessment of maximum cutaneous vascular conductance (CVC). Resting CVC was higher in T2DM subjects at vehicle sites (T2DM: 19 ± 2 vs. control: 11 ± 3 %maxCVC; P < 0.05); this difference was abolished by L-NAME (T2DM: 10 ± 1 vs. control: 8 ± 1 %maxCVC; P > 0.05). The relative contribution of NO to the vasodilator response to local warming was not different between groups (T2DM: 46 ± 4 vs. control: 44 ± 6 %maxCVC; P > 0.05). However, absolute CVC during local warming was ~25% lower in T2DM subjects (T2DM: 1.79 ± 0.15 au/mmHg; controls: 2.42 ± 0.20 au/mmHg; P < 0.01), and absolute CVC during SNP was ~20% lower (T2DM: 1.91 ± 0.12 vs. control: 2.38 ± 0.13 au/mmHg; P < 0.01). We conclude that the relative contribution of NO to vasodilation during local warming is similar between subjects with T2DM and control subjects, although T2DM was associated with a lower absolute maximum vasodilation.
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