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1 G.V. (Sonny) Montgomery VA Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA; The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
2 The University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: elise.gomezsanchez{at}med.va.gov.
Very small amounts of adrenocorticosteroids are synthesized by brain tissue in vitro.
While there is evidence suggesting that the synthesis of aldosterone in the brain may
have a role in the hypertension of the Dahl Salt Sensitive rat, the de novo synthesis of
aldosterone or corticosterone within the brain of a living animal has not been
demonstrated. We have used sensitive ELISAs to measure aldosterone and
corticosterone in the plasma and whole brains of intact rats receiving a normal, low or
high salt diet to alter adrenal aldosterone production and of adrenalectomized rats
provided sodium replacement, some of which received aldosterone, corticosterone or
deoxycorticosterone replacement. The results of several experiments were consistent.
In intact rats the brain concentration of aldosterone and corticosterone reflected that in
the plasma. However, while aldosterone and corticosterone were undetectable or
barely undetectable in the plasma of adrenalectomized animals, as was the
corticosterone in their brains, aldosterone was consistently found in the brains of
adrenalectomized rats, ranging from a mean of 6.6-41 pg/g, depending on the
experiment. Provision of DOC as substrate for the endogenous aldosterone synthase
and 11
-hydroxylase did not significantly increase brain aldosterone or corticosterone
content. It is postulated that the small amounts of aldosterone synthesized in the brain
could provide local ligand for autocrine or paracrine activation of the mineralocorticoid
receptor.
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