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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (September 3, 2003). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00332.2003
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Submitted on July 18, 2003
Accepted on August 27, 2003

The effects of high altitude and water deprivation on AVP release in man

C. M. Maresh1*, W. J. Kraemer1, D. A. Judelson1, J. L. VanHeest1, L. Trad2, J. M. Kulikowich1, K. L. Goetz3, A. Cymerman2, and A. J. Hamilton4

1 Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
2 United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA
3 Division of Experimental Medicine, St. Luke's Hospital and Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Kansas City, MO, USA
4 United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, AZ, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: carl.maresh{at}uconn.edu.

High altitude exposure changes the distribution of body water and electrolytes. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) may influence these alterations. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a 24-hour water deprivation trial (WDT) on AVP release after differing altitude exposures. Seven healthy males (age=22±1yrs, height=176±2cm, mass=75.3±1.8kg) completed three WDTs: at sea level (SL), after acute altitude exposure (two days) to 4300m (AA), and after prolonged altitude exposure (20 days) to 4300m (PA). Body mass, standing and supine blood pressures, plasma osmolality (Posm), and plasma AVP (PAVP) were measured at 0, 12, 16, and 24 hours of each WDT. Urine volume was measured at each void throughout testing. Baseline Posm increased from SL to altitude (SL=291.7±0.8mOsm.L-1, AA=299.6±2.2mOsm.L-1, PA=302.3±1.5mOsm.L-1, p<0.05), however, baseline PAVP measurements were similar. Despite similar Posm values, the maximal PAVP response during the WDT (at 16 hours) was greater at altitude than SL (SL=1.7±0.5pg.ml-1, AA=6.4±0.7pg.ml-1, PA=8.7±0.9pg.ml-1, p<0.05). In conclusion, hypoxia appeared to alter AVP regulation by raising the osmotic threshold and increasing AVP responsiveness above that threshold.




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