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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (November 27, 2001). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00328.2001
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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print November 27, 2001
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 10.1152/ajpendo.00328.2001
Submitted on July 19, 2001
Accepted on November 25, 2001

Gastrointestinal Absorption and Plasma Kinetics of Soy {Delta}5-Phytosterols and Phytostanols in Humans

Richard E Ostlund1*, Janet B McGill1, Chun-Min Zeng2, Douglas F Covey2, Jay Stearns3, William F Stenson4, and Curtis A Spilburg5

1 Medicine/Endocrinology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
2 Molecular Biology and Pharmacology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
3 Seres Laboratories, Inc., Santa Rosa, CA, USA
4 Medicine/Gastroenterology, Wasington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
5 Lifeline Technologies, Inc., St. Louis, MO, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Rostlund{at}im.wustl.edu.

Our objective was to measure the systemic absorption of lecithin-emulsified {Delta}5-phytosterols and phytostanols during test meals using dual stable isotopic tracers. Ten healthy subjects underwent two single-meal absorption tests in random order two weeks apart, one with intravenous dideuterated {Delta}5-phytosterols and oral pentadeuterated {Delta}5-phytosterols and the other with the corresponding labeled stanols. The oral/intravenous tracer ratio in plasma, a reflection of absorption, was measured by a sensitive negative ion mass spectroscopic technique and became constant after 2 days. Absorption from 600 mg {Delta}5-soy sterols given with a standard test breakfast was 0.512 ±0.038% for sitosterol and 1.89 ±0.27% for campesterol. The absorption from 600 mg soy stanols was 0.0441 ±0.004% for sitostanol and 0.155 ±0.017% for campestanol. Reduction of the double bond at position 5 decreased absorption by 90%. Plasma T1/2 for stanols was significantly shorter than that for {Delta}5-sterols. We conclude that the efficiency of phytosterol absorption is lower than reported previously and critically dependent on the structure of both sterol nucleus and side chain.




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