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1 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism C, Aarhus Amtssygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
2 Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN 38163, Tennessee, USA
3 Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Skejby Sygehus, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark
4 Department of Molecular Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis TN 38163, Tennessee, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: Jens.Bruun{at}iekf.au.dk.
Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is released from the human adipose tissue. Circulating IL-8 is increased in obese as compared to lean subjects and associated with measures of insulin resistance, development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. We studied the production and release of IL-8 in vitro from 1) paired samples of subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue, and 2) the production of IL-8 from whole adipose tissue, isolated adipocytes and non-fat cells of adipose tissue. IL-8 release from VAT was 4-fold higher than from SAT (p < 0.05) and IL-8 mRNA was 2-fold higher in VAT as compared to SAT (p < 0.01). Dexamethasone (50 nM) attenuated IL-8 production by 50 % (p < 0.05) and IL-1
(2 µg/L) increased IL-8 production by up to 15-fold (p < 0.001). IL-8 release from whole SAT explants correlated with BMI (r = 0.78; p < 0.001) as did IL-8 release from non-fat cells (r = 0.79; p < 0.001). However, no correlation was found between IL-8 release from the fraction of isolated adipocytes and BMI (r = 0.01). In conclusion we demonstrated an increased release of IL-8 from VAT as compared to SAT. Furthermore, our data suggest that the observed elevation in circulating levels of IL-8 in obese subjects is due primarily to the release of IL-8 from non-fat cells from adipose tissue. The high levels of IL-8 release from human adipose tissue and accumulation of this tissue in obese subjects may account for some of the increase in circulating IL-8 observed in obesity.
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