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1 Internal Medicine - Division of Geriatrics & Nutritional Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mittendb{at}wustl.edu.
To discover the alterations in lipid metabolism linked to post-exercise hypotriglyceridemia, we measured lipid kinetics, lipoprotein subclass distribution and lipid transfer enzymes in seven healthy, lean, young men the day after 2h of cycling and rest. Compared with rest, exercise increased fatty acid rate of appearance and whole-body fatty acid oxidation by ~65% and 40%, respectively (p<0.05); exercise had no effect on VLDL-triglyceride (TG) secretion rate, increased VLDL-TG plasma clearance rate by 40±8%, and reduced VLDL-TG mean residence time by ~40 min and VLDL-apolipoprotein-B-100 (apoB-100) secretion rate by 24±8% (all p<0.05). Exercise also reduced the number of VLDL but almost doubled the number of IDL particles in plasma (p<0.05). Muscle lipoprotein lipase content was not different after exercise and rest but plasma lipoprotein lipase concentration increased by ~20% after exercise (p<0.05). Plasma hepatic lipase and lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase concentrations were not affected by exercise, while cholesterol-ester transfer protein concentration was ~10% lower after exercise than rest (p=0.052). We conclude that: a) greater fatty acid availability after exercise does not stimulate VLDL-TG secretion, probably because of the increase in fatty acid oxidation and possibly also fatty acid use for restoration of tissue TG stores; b) reduced secretion of VLDL-apoB-100 lowers plasma VLDL particle concentration; and c) increased VLDL-TG plasma clearance maintains low plasma TG concentration but is not accompanied by similar increases in subsequent steps of the delipidation cascade; acutely, therefore, the cardioprotective lowering of plasma TG and VLDL concentrations by exercise is counteracted by a pro-atherogenic increase in IDL concentration.
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