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1 Internal Medicine, East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States
2 Microbiology, East Tennessee State University Quillen College of Medicine, Johnson City, Tennessee, United States
3 Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, United States
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: stuartc{at}etsu.edu.
In the past few years, eight additional members of the facilitative hexose transporter family have been identified, giving a total of fourteen members of the SLC2A family of membrane-bound hexose transporters. To determine which of the new hexose transporters were expressed in muscle, mRNA concentrations of eleven GLUTs were quantified and compared. RNA from muscle from ten normal volunteers was subjected to RT-PCR. Primers were designed that amplified 78 to 241-base fragments and cDNA standards were cloned for GLUT1, GLUT2, GLUT3, GLUT4, GLUT5, GLUT6, GLUT8, GLUT9, GLUT10, GLUT11, GLUT12, and GAPDH. Seven of these eleven hexose transporters were detectable in normal human muscle. The rank order was GLUT4, GLUT5, GLUT12, GLUT8, GLUT11, GLUT3, and GLUT1, with corresponding concentrations of 404±49, 131±14, 33±4, 5.5±0.5, 4.1±0.4, 1.2±0.1, and 0.9±0.2 copies per ng RNA (mean±SEM) for the ten subjects. Concentrations of mRNA for GLUT4, GLUT5, and GLUT12 were much higher than the remainder of the GLUTs and together accounted for 98% of the total GLUT isoform mRNA. Immunoblots of muscle homogenates verified that the respective proteins for GLUT4, GLUT5, and GLUT12 were present in normal human muscle. Immunofluorescent studies demonstrated that GLUT4 and GLUT12 were predominantly expressed in type I oxidative fibers, however, GLUT5 was expressed predominantly in type II (white) fibers.
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