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1 Institute of Sport Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark., Odense, Denmark
2 Department of Endocrinology., Odense University Hospital, Denmark, Odense, Denmark
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: tkvorning{at}health.sdu.dk.
We hypothesized that suppression of endogenous testosterone inhibits the adaptations to strength training in otherwise healthy men. Twenty-two young men with minor experience with strength training participated in this randomized, placebo-controlled, and double-blinded intervention study. The subjects were randomized to treatment with the GnRH-analogue goserelin (3.6 mg) or placebo (saline) subcutaneously every 4 weeks for a period of 12 weeks. The strength training period of 8 weeks starting at week 4 included exercises for all major muscles (3-4 sets per exercise x 6-10 repetitions with corresponding 6-10 repetition maximum (RM) loads, 3/week). A strength test, blood sampling, and whole body DXA scan were performed at weeks 4 and 12. Endogenous testosterone decreased significantly (p<0.01) in the goserelin group from 22.6 ± 5.5 (mean ± SD) nmol/l to 2.0 ± 0.5 (week 4) and 1.1 ± 0.6 nmol/l (week 12), whereas it remained constant in the placebo group. The goserelin group showed no changes in isometric knee extension strength after training, whereas the placebo group increased from 240.2 ± 41.3 to 264.1 ± 35.3 Nm (p<0.05 within and p=0.05 between groups). Lean mass of the legs increased 0.37 ± 0.13 kg and 0.57 ± 0.30 kg in the goserelin and placebo group, respectively (p<0.05 within and p=0.05 between groups). Body fat mass increased 1.4 ± 1.0 kg and decreased 0.6 ± 1.2 kg in the goserelin and placebo group, respectively (p<0.05 within and between groups). We conclude that endogenous testosterone is of paramount importance to the adaptation to strength training.
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