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1 Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
2 Human Biology, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
3 R&D, Biochemistry and Nutrition, DSM Food Specialties, United States
4 Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands; Human Biology, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: r.koopman{at}hb.unimaas.nl.
The present study was designed to assess the impact of co-ingestion of various amounts of carbohydrate combined to an ample amount of protein intake on post-exercise muscle protein synthesis rates. Ten healthy, fit men (20±0.3 y) were randomly assigned to 3 cross-over experiments. After 60 min of resistance exercise, subjects consumed 0.3 g·kg-1·h-1 protein hydrolysate with 0, 0.15, or 0.6 g·kg-1·h-1 carbohydrate during a 6 h recovery period (PRO, PRO+LCHO, and PRO+HCHO, respectively). Primed, continuous infusions with L-[ring-13C6]phenylalanine, L-[ring-2H2]tyrosine, and [6,6-2H2]glucose were applied, and blood and muscle samples were collected to assess whole-body protein turnover and glucose kinetics as well as protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR) in the vastus lateralis muscle over 6 h of post-exercise recovery. Plasma insulin responses were significantly greater in PRO+HCHO compared to PRO+LCHO and PRO (18.4±2.9 vs. 3.7±0.5 and 1.5±0.2 U·6h·L-1, respectively: P<0.001). Plasma glucose rate of appearance (Ra) and disappearance (Rd) increased over time in PRO+HCHO and PRO+LCHO but not in PRO. Plasma glucose Ra and Rd were substantially greater in PRO+HCHO vs both PRO and PRO+LCHO (P<0.01). Whole-body protein breakdown, synthesis and oxidation rates, as well as whole-body protein balance did not differ between experiments. Mixed muscle FSR did not differ between treatments and averaged 0.10±0.01, 0.10±0.01 and 0.11±0.01 %·h-1 in the PRO, PRO+LCHO and PRO+HCHO experiments, respectively. In conclusion, co-ingestion of carbohydrate during recovery does not further stimulate post-exercise muscle protein synthesis when ample protein is ingested.
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