Central-omental obesity plays a causative role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome. Adipokines are involved in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. However, adipokines secreted by omental adipose tissue (OAT) are still poorly characterized in human obesity. We therefore searched for novel adipokines abnormally secreted by OAT in obesity, examined their relationships with some features of metabolic syndrome and the respective contribution of adipocytes vs. stromal-vascular cells. OAT from obese and non-obese men was fractionated into adipocytes and SV cells, which were then cultured. Medium was screened by medium-scale protein arrays and ELISAs. Adipokine mRNA levels were measured by real-time RTQ-PCR. We detected 16 cytokines secreted by each cellular fraction of lean and obese subjects. Out of them, 6 adipokines were newly identified as secretory products of OAT, which were dysregulated in obesity: 3 chemokines [Growth-Related Oncogen factor, RANTES, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1], 1 interleukin (IL-7), 1 tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) and 1 growth factor (thrombopoietin). Their secretion and expression were enhanced in obesity, with a relatively similar contribution of the two fractions. The higher proportion of macrophages and endothelial cells in obesity may contribute to this enhanced production, as well as changes in intrinsic properties of hypertrophied adipocytes. Accordingly, mRNA concentrations of most of these adipokines increased during adipocyte differentiation. Eventually, expression of the investigated adipokines did correlate with several features of the metabolic syndrome. In conclusion, six adipokines were newly identified as oversecreted by OAT in obesity. These adipokines may link obesity to its cardiovascular or metabolic comorbidities.