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Articles in PresS, published online ahead of print June 4, 2002
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, 10.1152/ajpendo.00115.2002
Submitted on March 14, 2002
Accepted on May 28, 2002
1 Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mlinder{at}fullerton.edu.
The delivery of copper to mammary gland and milk and the effects of lactation were examined in rats. Traces of 67Cu/64Cu(II) were injected i.p. or i.v. into virgin rats or lactating rats (2-5 days postpartum), and incorporation into blood, milk and tissues was followed. In virgin rats, most of the isotope first entered the liver and kidney. In lactating rats, almost 60% went directly to the mammary gland. Uptake rates and copper contents of the mammary gland were 20-fold higher in lactation. 67Cu/64Cu appeared in milk and milk ceruloplasmin as rapidly as in mammary tissue and when there was no 67Cu/64Cu-ceruloplasmin in the maternal plasma. Plasma 125I-albumin entered milk much more slowly. Milk ceruloplasmin (10 mg/L) had 25% of the 67Cu/64Cu. Milk copper was 3.3 mg/L. Thus, lactation markedly enhances the avidity of the mammary gland for copper, diverting most of it from liver and kidney to that tissue. Also, the primary source of milk ceruloplasmin is the mammary gland and not the maternal plasma.
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