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1 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA; Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
2 Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
3 Shriners Burn Institute, Dept of Surgery, University of Texas-Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
4 Department of Biology, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
5 Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nancy.rodriguez{at}uconn.edu.
This investigation evaluated the physiological impact of different dietary protein intakes on skeletal muscle protein synthesis post-exercise in endurance runners. Five endurance trained, male runners participated in a randomized, crossover design diet intervention, where they consumed either a low (0.8 g/kg; LP), moderate (1.8 g/kg; MP), or high (3.6 g/kg; HP) protein diet for 4 wks. Diets were designed to be eucaloric with carbohydrate, fat and protein approximating 60%, 30%, 10%; 55%, 30%, 15; and 40%, 30%, 30% for LP, MP, and HP, respectively. Substrate oxidation was assessed via indirect calorimetry at three wks of the dietary interventions. Mixed muscle protein fractional synthetic rate (FSR) was measured following an endurance run (75 min @ 70%VO2peak) using a primed, continuous infusion of [2H5 ] phenylalanine. Protein oxidation increased with increasing protein intake, with each trial being significantly different from the other (P<0.01). FSR following exercise was significantly greater for LP (0.083 % h) and MP (0.078 % h) than for HP (0.052 % h) (P < 0.05). There was no difference in FSR between LP and MP. This is the first investigation to establish that habitual dietary protein intake in humans modulates skeletal muscle protein synthesis following an endurance exercise bout. Future studies directed at mechanisms by which level of protein intake influences skeletal muscle turnover are needed.
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