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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 296: E323-E332, 2009. First published December 9, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90544.2008
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Subcutaneous transplantation of embryonic pancreas for correction of type 1 diabetes

Subhadra C. Gunawardana, Richard K. P. Benninger, and David W. Piston

Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee

Submitted 26 June 2008 ; accepted in final form 4 December 2008

Islet transplantation is a promising therapeutic approach for type 1 diabetes. However, current success rates are low due to progressive graft failure in the long term and inability to monitor graft development in vivo. Other limitations include the necessity of initial invasive surgery and continued immunosuppressive therapy. We report an alternative transplantation strategy with the potential to overcome these problems. This technique involves transplantation of embryonic pancreatic tissue into recipients’ subcutaneous space, eliminating the need for invasive surgery and associated risks. Current results in mouse models of type 1 diabetes show that embryonic pancreatic transplants in the subcutaneous space can normalize blood glucose homeostasis and achieve extensive endocrine differentiation and vascularization. Furthermore, modern imaging techniques such as two-photon excitation microscopy (TPEM) can be employed to monitor transplants through the intact skin in a completely noninvasive manner. Thus, this strategy is a convenient alternative to islet transplantation in diabetic mice and has the potential to be translated to human clinical applications with appropriate modifications.

therapies for type 1 diabetes; embryonic pancreatic tissue; subcutaneous site; stem cell-derived islet tissue


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: S. C. Gunawardana, Dept. of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt Univ. School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232 (E-mail subhadra.gunawardana{at}vanderbilt.edu)






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