| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
|
|
|
|||||||
|
|||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
REVIEWS
Menzies Research Institute, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
Submitted 29 May 2008 ; accepted in final form 7 July 2008
ABSTRACT
Insulin has an exercise-like action to increase microvascular perfusion of skeletal muscle and thereby enhance delivery of hormone and nutrient to the myocytes. With insulin resistance, insulin's action to increase microvascular perfusion is markedly impaired. This review examines the present status of these observations and techniques available to measure such changes as well as the possible underpinning mechanisms. Low physiological doses of insulin and light exercise have been shown to increase microvascular perfusion without increasing bulk blood flow. In these circumstances, blood flow is proposed to be redirected from the nonnutritive route to the nutritive route with flow becoming dominant in the nonnutritive route when insulin resistance has developed. Increased vasomotion controlled by vascular smooth muscle may be part of the explanation by which insulin mediates an increase in microvascular perfusion, as seen from the effects of insulin on both muscle and skin microvascular blood flow. In addition, vascular dysfunction appears to be an early development in the onset of insulin resistance, with the consequence that impaired glucose delivery, more so than insulin delivery, accounts for the diminished glucose uptake by insulin-resistant muscle. Regular exercise may prevent and ameliorate insulin resistance by increasing "vascular fitness" and thereby recovering insulin-mediated capillary recruitment.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
 |
|
  N. Wiernsperger and E. Bouskela Microvascular haemodynamic reactions to insulin J. Physiol., November 1, 2009; 587(21): 5289 - 5289. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. Newman, R. Dwyer, P. St-Pierre, S. Richards, M. Clark, and S. Rattigan Reply from J. Newman, R. Dwyer, P. St-Pierre, S. Richards, M. Clark and S. Rattigan J. Physiol., November 1, 2009; 587(21): 5291 - 5292. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 M. A. Potenza, F. Addabbo, and M. Montagnani Vascular actions of insulin with implications for endothelial dysfunction Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, September 1, 2009; 297(3): E568 - E577. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. K. Sung, Y.-W. Kim, S. J. Choi, J.-Y. Kim, K. H. Jeune, K.-C. Won, J. K. Kim, G. Y. Koh, and S.-Y. Park COMP-angiopoietin-1 enhances skeletal muscle blood flow and insulin sensitivity in mice Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, August 1, 2009; 297(2): E402 - E409. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
G. F. Clough and S. Egginton Vasomotion and insulin-mediated capillary recruitment \#8211; part of the explanation? J. Physiol., July 15, 2009; 587(14): 3407 - 3408. [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
D.-E. Lee, S. Kehlenbrink, H. Lee, M. Hawkins, and J. S. Yudkin Getting the message across: mechanisms of physiological cross talk by adipose tissue Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2009; 296(6): E1210 - E1229. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
J. M. B. Newman, R. M. Dwyer, P. St-Pierre, S. M. Richards, M. G. Clark, and S. Rattigan Decreased microvascular vasomotion and myogenic response in rat skeletal muscle in association with acute insulin resistance J. Physiol., June 1, 2009; 587(11): 2579 - 2588. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
|
|
 |
|
 G. F. Clough, M. Turzyniecka, L. Walter, A. J. Krentz, S. H. Wild, A. J. Chipperfield, J. Gamble, and C. D. Byrne Muscle Microvascular Dysfunction in Central Obesity Is Related to Muscle Insulin Insensitivity but Is Not Reversed by High-Dose Statin Treatment Diabetes, May 1, 2009; 58(5): 1185 - 1191. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]
|
|
| HOME | HELP | FEEDBACK | SUBSCRIPTIONS | ARCHIVE | SEARCH | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
| Visit Other APS Journals Online |
