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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 295: E531-E535, 2008. First published May 20, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90357.2008
0193-1849/08 $8.00
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REVIEWS

Why are we shaped differently, and why does it matter?

Sylvia Santosa and Michael D. Jensen

Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota

Submitted 11 April 2008 ; accepted in final form 14 May 2008

ABSTRACT

Body fat distribution is an important predictor of metabolic abnormalities in obese humans. Dysregulation of free fatty acid (FFA) release, especially from upper body subcutaneous adipose tissue, appears to contribute substantially to these metabolic disturbances. Why different individuals preferentially store fat in upper vs. lower body subcutaneous fat or subcutaneous vs. visceral fat is not completely understood. Current evidence suggests that defects in regional lipolysis are not the cause of net fat retention in larger fat depots. Regional variations in the storage of fatty acids, both meal derived and direct reuptake, and storage of circulating FFAs that may help to explain why some depots expand at the expense of others have been reported. We review the quantitative data on regional lipolysis, meal, and FFA storage in adults to provide an overview of fat balance differences in adults with different fat distribution patterns.

adipose tissue; lipoprotein lipase; free fatty acids; dietary fat


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. D. Jensen, Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St. SW, Rm. 5-194 Joseph, Rochester, MN 55905 (e-mail: jensen{at}mayo.edu)






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