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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 295/1/E63    most recent 00472.2007v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Spratt, D. I. Articles by Longcope, C. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Spratt, D. I. Articles by Longcope, C.

Characterization of a prospective human model for study of the reproductive hormone responses to major illness

¹Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Departments of Ob/Gyn and Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland; ²Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough; ³Department of Cardiac Services; ⁴Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine; and ⁵Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts

Submitted 20 July 2007 ; accepted in final form 10 April 2008

With critical illness, serum testosterone levels fall markedly, whereas estrogen levels rise. Although animal studies suggest adaptive advantages, no prospective model has been available for studies in humans. We hypothesized that coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery would provide such a model by eliciting the same reproductive hormone and other endocrine responses as reported with major nonsurgical illnesses. We further hypothesized that those responses would occur consistently in all CABG patients with predictable time courses, providing reliable windows for prospective studies. In 17 men undergoing CABG, serum levels of reproductive hormones, cortisol, thyroid hormones, and IGF-I were measured before and for up to 5 wk after surgery. Changes in serum levels of reproductive and other hormones were similar to those reported in nonsurgical critically ill patients. Time course for onset, duration, and recovery of reproductive hormone changes were consistent among all patients. A window for studying the testosterone and estrogen responses was established as the first 5 days following CABG. Practical use of this model was demonstrated by evaluating, in another seven men, changes in gonadotroph responsiveness to GnRH following CABG. Finally, to determine whether our findings in CABG could be extended to other surgeries, we demonstrated similar endocrine responses in 12 men following abdominal aortic aneurysm resection. We conclude that patients undergoing CABG surgery provide a useful human model for the prospective evaluation of the reproductive axis responses to acute illness. Other major surgeries are likely to also be suitable for these studies.

critical illness; testosterone; estrogen; cardiac surgery; gonadotropins