HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 291/6/E1197    most recent 00141.2006v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (31) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Eliasson, J. Articles by Blomstrand, E. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Eliasson, J. Articles by Blomstrand, E.

Maximal lengthening contractions increase p70 S6 kinase phosphorylation in human skeletal muscle in the absence of nutritional supply

¹Åstrand Laboratory, University College of Physical Education and Sports; and ²Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

Submitted 23 March 2006 ; accepted in final form 5 July 2006

The aim of this study was to compare the training stimuli of eccentric (lengthening) and concentric (shortening) contractions regarding the effect on signaling enzymes involved in protein synthesis. Ten male subjects performed 4 x 6 maximal eccentric contractions on one leg followed by 4 x 6 maximal concentric contractions on the other. Six additional subjects performed the same protocol, but with maximal concentric and submaximal eccentric exercise of equal force to that of the maximal concentric contractions. Muscle biopsy samples were taken from the vastus lateralis before, immediately after, and 1 and 2 h after exercise in both legs. The average peak force produced during the maximal eccentric exercise was 31% higher than during the maximal concentric exercise, 2,490 (±100) vs. 1,894 (±108) N (P < 0.05). The maximal eccentric contractions led to two- to eightfold increases in the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase (p70^S6k) and the ribosomal protein S6 that persisted for 2 h into recovery but no significant changes in phosphorylation of Akt or mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Maximal concentric and submaximal eccentric contractions did not induce any significant changes in Akt, mTOR, p70^S6k, or S6 phosphorylation up to 2 h after the exercise. The results indicate that one session of maximal eccentric contractions activates p70^S6k in human muscle via an Akt-independent pathway and suggest that maximal eccentric contractions are more effective than maximal concentric contractions in stimulating protein synthesis in the absence of a nutritional intake, an effect that may be mediated through a combination of greater tension and stretching of the muscle.

mode of contraction; protein synthesis; translation initiation

This article has been cited by other articles:

				N. A. Burd, J. E. Tang, D. R. Moore, and S. M. Phillips Exercise training and protein metabolism: influences of contraction, protein intake, and sex-based differences J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2009; 106(5): 1692 - 1701. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				A. J. Rose and E. A. Richter Regulatory mechanisms of skeletal muscle protein turnover during exercise J Appl Physiol, May 1, 2009; 106(5): 1702 - 1711. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Tannerstedt, W. Apro, and E. Blomstrand Maximal lengthening contractions induce different signaling responses in the type I and type II fibers of human skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2009; 106(4): 1412 - 1418. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				M. J. Drummond, H. C. Dreyer, C. S. Fry, E. L. Glynn, and B. B. Rasmussen Nutritional and contractile regulation of human skeletal muscle protein synthesis and mTORC1 signaling J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2009; 106(4): 1374 - 1384. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				V. G. Coffey, H. Pilegaard, A. P. Garnham, B. J. O'Brien, and J. A. Hawley Consecutive bouts of diverse contractile activity alter acute responses in human skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2009; 106(4): 1187 - 1197. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. M. Phillips Sirolimus and mTORC1: centre stage in the story of what makes muscles bigger? J. Physiol., April 1, 2009; 587(7): 1371 - 1371. [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. R Moore, M. J Robinson, J. L Fry, J. E Tang, E. I Glover, S. B Wilkinson, T. Prior, M. A Tarnopolsky, and S. M Phillips Ingested protein dose response of muscle and albumin protein synthesis after resistance exercise in young men Am. J. Clinical Nutrition, January 1, 2009; 89(1): 161 - 168. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. I. Glover, S. M. Phillips, B. R. Oates, J. E. Tang, M. A. Tarnopolsky, A. Selby, K. Smith, and M. J. Rennie Immobilization induces anabolic resistance in human myofibrillar protein synthesis with low and high dose amino acid infusion J. Physiol., December 15, 2008; 586(24): 6049 - 6061. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. I. Glover, B. R. Oates, J. E. Tang, D. R. Moore, M. A. Tarnopolsky, and S. M. Phillips Resistance exercise decreases eIF2B{varepsilon} phosphorylation and potentiates the feeding-induced stimulation of p70S6K1 and rpS6 in young men Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol, August 1, 2008; 295(2): R604 - R610. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. B. Wilkinson, S. M. Phillips, P. J. Atherton, R. Patel, K. E. Yarasheski, M. A. Tarnopolsky, and M. J. Rennie Differential effects of resistance and endurance exercise in the fed state on signalling molecule phosphorylation and protein synthesis in human muscle J. Physiol., August 1, 2008; 586(15): 3701 - 3717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				P. J. Morrison, D. Hara, Z. Ding, and J. L. Ivy Adding protein to a carbohydrate supplement provided after endurance exercise enhances 4E-BP1 and RPS6 signaling in skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, April 1, 2008; 104(4): 1029 - 1036. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Deldicque, P. Atherton, R. Patel, D. Theisen, H. Nielens, M. J. Rennie, and M. Francaux Effects of resistance exercise with and without creatine supplementation on gene expression and cell signaling in human skeletal muscle J Appl Physiol, February 1, 2008; 104(2): 371 - 378. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. C. Dreyer, M. J. Drummond, B. Pennings, S. Fujita, E. L. Glynn, D. L. Chinkes, S. Dhanani, E. Volpi, and B. B. Rasmussen Leucine-enriched essential amino acid and carbohydrate ingestion following resistance exercise enhances mTOR signaling and protein synthesis in human muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, February 1, 2008; 294(2): E392 - E400. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				H. Mascher, J. Tannerstedt, T. Brink-Elfegoun, B. Ekblom, T. Gustafsson, and E. Blomstrand Repeated resistance exercise training induces different changes in mRNA expression of MAFbx and MuRF-1 in human skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, January 1, 2008; 294(1): E43 - E51. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				S. Fujita, T. Abe, M. J. Drummond, J. G. Cadenas, H. C. Dreyer, Y. Sato, E. Volpi, and B. B. Rasmussen Blood flow restriction during low-intensity resistance exercise increases S6K1 phosphorylation and muscle protein synthesis J Appl Physiol, September 1, 2007; 103(3): 903 - 910. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Koopman, B. Pennings, A. H. G. Zorenc, and L. J. C. van Loon Protein Ingestion Further Augments S6K1 Phosphorylation in Skeletal Muscle Following Resistance Type Exercise in Males J. Nutr., August 1, 2007; 137(8): 1880 - 1886. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				N. Lehman, B. Ledford, M. Di Fulvio, K. Frondorf, L. C. McPhail, and J. Gomez-Cambronero Phospholipase D2-derived phosphatidic acid binds to and activates ribosomal p70 S6 kinase independently of mTOR FASEB J, April 1, 2007; 21(4): 1075 - 1087. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]