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L-Arginine infusion increases glucose clearance during prolonged exercise in humans

¹Department of Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville; ²Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

Submitted 12 June 2005 ; accepted in final form 10 August 2005

Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition has been shown in humans to attenuate exercise-induced increases in muscle glucose uptake. We examined the effect of infusing the NO precursor L-arginine (L-Arg) on glucose kinetics during exercise in humans. Nine endurance-trained males cycled for 120 min at 72 ± 1% O_{2 peak} followed immediately by a 15-min "all-out" cycling performance bout. A [6,6-²H]glucose tracer was infused throughout exercise, and either saline alone (Control, CON) or saline containing L-Arg HCl (L-Arg, 30 g at 0.5 g/min) was coinfused in a double-blind, randomized order during the last 60 min of exercise. L-Arg augmented the increases in glucose rate of appearance, glucose rate of disappearance, and glucose clearance rate (L-Arg: 16.1 ± 1.8 ml·min^–1·kg^–1; CON: 11.9 ± 0.7 ml·min^–1·kg^–1 at 120 min, P < 0.05) during exercise, with a net effect of reducing plasma glucose concentration during exercise. L-Arg infusion had no significant effect on plasma insulin concentration but attenuated the increase in nonesterified fatty acid and glycerol concentrations during exercise. L-Arg infusion had no effect on cycling exercise performance. In conclusion, L-Arg infusion during exercise significantly increases skeletal muscle glucose clearance in humans. Because plasma insulin concentration was unaffected by L-Arg infusion, greater NO production may have been responsible for this effect.

nitric oxide; glucose kinetics; contraction

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