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Postprandial intestinal and whole body nitrogen kinetics and distribution in piglets fed a single meal

Cécile Bos,¹ Barbara Stoll,² Hélène Fouillet,¹ Claire Gaudichon,¹ Xinfu Guan,² Michael A. Grusak,² Peter J. Reeds, Douglas G. Burrin,² and Daniel Tomé¹

¹Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique 914 of Nutrition Physiology and Feeding Control, Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Paris, France; and ²United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

Submitted 21 June 2004 ; accepted in final form 24 October 2004

Our aim was to characterize the postprandial total and dietary N fluxes in the portal drained viscera (PDV) and whole body after administration of a single meal in young pigs. Seven 4-wk-old piglets, implanted with a portal flow probe and portal, arterial and venous catheters, received a primed constant [¹⁸O]urea intravenous infusion and were studied for 8 h after a bolus mixed meal ingestion (46 mmol N/kg body wt) intrinsically labeled with ¹⁵N to trace dietary N fluxes. The real cecal digestibility of the formula was 94.3% (SD 1.8). PDV output of dietary N was found principally in the pool of circulating protein (51% of the measured dietary N PDV output), in the free -amino N pool (44%), and to a lesser extent in ammonia (5%). Dietary N release in -amino N and ammonia mainly occurred during the first 3 h. Total and exogenous postprandial urea productions were 5.8 and 2.0 mmol N/kg body wt, respectively. At the end of the postprandial period, losses of dietary N amounted to 10.3% of the dose: 5.7% through ileal losses and 4.6% by deamination and transfer to urea. Net postprandial retention of dietary N was 90.4% (SD 1.3), of which 20% was found in splanchnic zone (small intestine 10%, liver 5%, and plasma protein 3%) and 42% in peripheral zone (muscle 31%, skin 6%). In conclusion, our results show a high efficiency of dietary N utilization for muscular uptake and anabolic utilization. However, the results obtained point out the necessity to further explore the form of dietary N released into the portal blood.

dietary nitrogen; postprandial metabolism; portal drained viscera; nonsteady state; pigs