HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 286/4/E665    most recent 00271.2003v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (15) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Previs, S. F. Articles by Landau, B. R. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Previs, S. F. Articles by Landau, B. R.

SPECIAL COMMUNICATIONS

Quantifying rates of protein synthesis in humans by use of ²H₂O: application to patients with end-stage renal disease

¹Departments of Nutrition, ²Medicine, and ³Mathematics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland 44106; and ⁴Department of Nephrology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195

Submitted 17 June 2003 ; accepted in final form 4 December 2003

A method is introduced for quantitating protein synthetic rates in humans by use of ²H₂O. Its validity was tested in subjects with end-stage renal disease. Six clinically stable subjects, hemodialyzed three times weekly, ingested ²H₂O to a body water ²H enrichment of 0.4%. On dialysis, body water enrichment declined to 0.1%. Enrichment of the -hydrogen of plasma free alanine was also 0.4% before and 0.1% after dialysis. -Hydrogen enrichment was 80-100% of -hydrogen enrichment. ²H₂O was ingested to replace ²H₂O removed after each dialysis for 15-51 days, returning enrichment to 0.4%. Enrichment of alanine from plasma albumin gradually increased, with again 80-100% as much ²H in - as in -hydrogens. With continued dialyses, without ²H₂O replacement, alanine from albumin enrichment gradually declined, whereas free alanine and water enrichments were negligible. The fractional albumin synthesis rate, calculated from the increase in enrichment in alanine from albumin, was 4.0 ± 0.5%/day, and from the decrease, 4.6 ± 0.2%/day. Thus body water enrichment in a subject given ²H₂O can be maintained constant long term. A rapid exchange, essentially complete, occurs between the hydrogens of alanine and body water. An integrated measure over a long period of albumin's synthetic rate can be estimated from both the rise in enrichment of alanine from the protein during ²H₂O ingestion and fall on ²H₂O withdrawal, while the subject's living routine is uninterrupted. Estimates are in subjects with renal disease, but the method should be applicable to estimates of protein synthetic rates in normal subjects and in other pathological states.

protein; albumin; alanine; deuterium oxide; hemodialysis

This article has been cited by other articles:

				H. G. Gasier, S. E. Riechman, M. P. Wiggs, S. F. Previs, and J. D. Fluckey A comparison of 2H2O and phenylalanine flooding dose to investigate muscle protein synthesis with acute exercise in rats Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2009; 297(1): E252 - E259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. S. Kombu, G.-F. Zhang, R. Abbas, J. J. Mieyal, V. E. Anderson, J. K. Kelleher, J. R. Sanabria, and H. Brunengraber Dynamics of glutathione and ophthalmate traced with 2H-enriched body water in rats and humans Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2009; 297(1): E260 - E269. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. L. Yuan, N. Sharma, D. A. Gilge, W. C. Stanley, Y. Li, M. Hatzoglou, and S. F. Previs Preserved protein synthesis in the heart in response to acute fasting and chronic food restriction despite reductions in liver and skeletal muscle Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, July 1, 2008; 295(1): E216 - E222. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				G. G. Xiao, M. Garg, S. Lim, D. Wong, V. L. Go, and W.-N. P. Lee Determination of protein synthesis in vivo using labeling from deuterated water and analysis of MALDI-TOF spectrum J Appl Physiol, March 1, 2008; 104(3): 828 - 836. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				E. Belloto, F. Diraison, A. Basset, G. Allain, P. Abdallah, and M. Beylot Determination of protein replacement rates by deuterated water: validation of underlying assumptions Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2007; 292(5): E1340 - E1347. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				R. Ramakrishnan Studying apolipoprotein turnover with stable isotope tracers: correct analysis is by modeling enrichments J. Lipid Res., December 1, 2006; 47(12): 2738 - 2753. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. R. Bederman, D. A. Dufner, J. C. Alexander, and S. F. Previs Novel application of the "doubly labeled" water method: measuring CO2 production and the tissue-specific dynamics of lipid and protein in vivo Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, May 1, 2006; 290(5): E1048 - E1056. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				D. A. Dufner, I. R. Bederman, D. Z. Brunengraber, N. Rachdaoui, F. Ismail-Beigi, B. A. Siegfried, S. R. Kimball, and S. F. Previs Using 2H2O to study the influence of feeding on protein synthesis: effect of isotope equilibration in vivo vs. in cell culture Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab, June 1, 2005; 288(6): E1277 - E1283. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]