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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 286: E217-E225, 2004. First published October 14, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00159.2003
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High-fat diet elevates resting intramuscular triglyceride concentration and whole body lipolysis during exercise

Theodore W. Zderic,1 Christopher J. Davidson,1 Simon Schenk,1 Lauri O. Byerley,2 and Edward F. Coyle1

1Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712; and 2Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 78080

Submitted 11 April 2003 ; accepted in final form 29 September 2003

This study determined the role of intramuscular triglyceride (IMTG) and adipose lipolysis in the elevated fat oxidation during exercise caused by a high-fat diet. In four separate trials, six endurance-trained cyclists exercised at 50% peak O2 consumption for 1 h after a two-day control diet (22% fat, CON) or an isocaloric high-fat diet (60% fat, HF) with or without the ingestion of acipimox, an adipose lipolysis inhibitor, before exercise. During exercise, HF elevated fat oxidation by 72% and whole body lipolysis [i.e., the appearance rate of glycerol in plasma (Ra glycerol)] by 79% compared with CON (P < 0.05), and this was associated with a 36% increase (P < 0.05) in preexercise IMTG concentration. Although acipimox lowered plasma free fatty acid (FFA) availability, HF still increased fat oxidation and Ra glycerol to the same magnitude above control as the increase caused by HF without acipimox (i.e., both increased fat oxidation 13–14 µmol·kg–1·min–1). In conclusion, the marked increase in fat oxidation after a HF diet is associated with elevated IMTG concentration and whole body lipolysis and does not require increased adipose tissue lipolysis and plasma FFA concentration during exercise. This suggests that altered substrate storage in skeletal muscle is responsible for increased fat oxidation during exercise after 2 days of an HF diet.

lipid; carbohydrate; glycogen; glycerol kinetics


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: E. F. Coyle, Bellmont Hall 222, Dept. of Kinesiology and Health Education, The Univ. of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712 (E-mail: coyle{at}mail.utexas.edu).




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