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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 285: E1151-E1160, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00324.2003
0193-1849/03 $5.00
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MINIREVIEWS

Role of caveolin and caveolae in insulin signaling and diabetes

Alex W. Cohen,1 Terry P. Combs,2 Philipp E. Scherer,2 and Michael P. Lisanti1

Departments of 1Molecular Pharmacology and 2Cell Biology and the Albert Einstein Diabetes Research and Training Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461

Caveolae are specialized membrane microdomains present within the plasma membrane of the vast majority of cell types. They have a unique composition in that they are highly enriched in cholesterol, sphingolipids, and their coat proteins the caveolins (-1, -2, and -3). In recent years it has been recognized that caveolae act as signaling platforms, serving as a concentrating point for numerous signaling molecules, as well as regulating flux through many distinct signaling cascades. Although caveolae are found in a variety of cell types, they are most abundant in adipose tissue. This fact has led to the intense study of the function of these organelles in adipocytes. It has now become apparent that effective insulin signaling in the adipocyte may be strictly dependent on localization of at least two insulin-responsive elements to caveolae (insulin receptor and GLUT4), as well as on a direct functional interaction between caveolin-1 and the insulin receptor. We present a critical discussion of these recent findings.

caveolin-1; insulin receptor; glucose transporter 4


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: M. P. Lisanti, Dept. of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Bronx, NY 10461 (E-mail: lisanti{at}aecom.yu.edu).




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