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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 285: E1028-E1038, 2003. First published July 29, 2003; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00010.2003
0193-1849/03 $5.00
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Pheromone-induced anorexia in male Syrian hamsters

Caurnel Morgan,1,3,4 Henryk F. Urbanski,2 Wei Fan,1 Huda Akil,3 and Roger D. Cone1

1Vollum Institute for Advanced Biomedical Research, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, 97239; 2Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, Beaverton, Oregon 97006; 3Mental Health Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109; and 4Bourne Behavioral Research Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University (Westchester Division), White Plains, New York 10605

Submitted 7 January 2003 ; accepted in final form 28 July 2003

Transition from long days (LDs) to short days (SDs) triggers seasonal obesity in Syrian hamsters. We report here that SD-exposed males housed near females exhibit obesity resistance, episodic weight loss, and reduced adiposity. Negative energy balance is achieved by reduced eating, elevated motor activity, and increased caloric efficiency without metabolic compensation. Circulating leptin, insulin, testosterone, corticosterone, and cortisol are normal or reduced in obesity-resistant hamsters. When males are housed in chambers that block physical, visual, and auditory, but not pheromonal, signals from females, resistance to seasonal obesity persists. Moreover, inhalation of extracts from pheromone-releasing flank glands of females suppresses eating and weight gain in SD-exposed males. This novel phenomenon, pheromone-induced anorexia, shows that female pheromones play a critical role in the seasonal energy balance of male hamsters. These findings provide a model to study neural and endocrine mechanisms that underlie eating disorders.

Mesocricetus auratus; hypocaloric; hypercaloric; locomotor activity; oxygen consumption


Address for reprint requests and other correspondence: C. Morgan, Bourne Laboratory, New York Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, 21 Bloomingdale Road, White Plains, NY 10605 (E-mail: cam2025{at}med.cornell.edu).






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