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NO production by cNOS and iNOS reflects blood pressure changes in LPS-challenged mice

Departments of ¹Surgery, ²Pharmacology, and ⁴Anatomy, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht; and ³Department of Anatomy and Embryology, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Submitted 7 January 2002 ; accepted in final form 22 April 2003

Increased nitric oxide (NO) production is the cause of hypotension and shock during sepsis. In the present experiments, we have measured the contribution of endothelial (e) and inducible (i) nitric oxide synthase (NOS) to systemic NO production in mice under baseline conditions and upon LPS treatment (100 µg/10 g ip LPS). NO synthesis was measured by the rate of conversion of L-[guanidino-¹⁵N₂]arginine to L-[ureido-¹⁵N]citrulline, and the contribution of the specific NOS isoforms was evaluated by comparing NO production in eNOS-deficient [(–/–)] and iNOS(–/–) mice with that in wild-type (WT) mice. Under baseline conditions, NO production was similar in WT and iNOS(–/–) mice but lower in eNOS(–/–) mice [WT: 1.2 ± 0.2; iNOS(–/–): 1.2 ± 0.2; eNOS(–/–): 0.6 ± 0.3 nmol · 10 g body wt^–1 · min^–1]. In response to the challenge with LPS (5 h), systemic NO production increased in WT and eNOS(–/–) mice but fell in iNOS(–/–) mice [WT: 2.7 ± 0.3; eNOS(–/–): 2.2 ± 0.6; iNOS(–/–): 0.7 ± 0.1 nmol · 10 g body wt^–1 · min^–1]. After 5 h of LPS treatment, blood pressure had dropped 14 mmHg in WT but not in iNOS(–/–) mice. The present findings provide firm evidence that, upon treatment with bacterial LPS, the increase of NO production is solely dependent on iNOS, whereas that mediated by cNOS is reduced. Furthermore, the data show that the LPS-induced blood pressure response is dependent on iNOS.

arginine; endotoxin; nitric oxide; stable isotope; constitutive nitric oxide synthase; inducible nitric oxide synthase

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