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1Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism C, Aarhus Amtssygehus, Aarhus University Hospital and Faculty of Health Sciences, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C; and 2Research Department of Human Nutrition, Center for Advanced Food Research, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK-1958 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
Submitted 14 March 2003 ; accepted in final form 6 May 2003
Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-specific protein that is abundantly
present in the circulation and suggested to be involved in insulin sensitivity
and development of atherosclerosis. Because cytokines are suggested to
regulate adiponectin, the aim of the present study was to investigate the
interaction between adiponectin and three adipose tissue-derived cytokines
(IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-
). The study was divided into three substudies as
follows: 1) plasma adiponectin and mRNA levels in adipose tissue
biopsies from obese subjects [mean body mass index (BMI): 39.7
kg/m2, n = 6] before and after weight loss; 2)
plasma adiponectin in obese men (mean BMI: 38.7 kg/m2, n =
19) compared with lean men (mean BMI: 23.4 kg/m2, n = 10)
before and after weight loss; and 3) in vitro direct effects of IL-6,
IL-8, and TNF- on adiponectin mRNA levels in adipose tissue cultures.
The results were that 1) weight loss resulted in a 51% (P
< 0.05) increase in plasma adiponectin and a 45% (P < 0.05)
increase in adipose tissue mRNA levels; 2) plasma adiponectin was 53%
(P < 0.01) higher in lean compared with obese men, and plasma
adiponectin was inversely correlated with adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and
IL-6; and 3) TNF- (P < 0.01) and IL-6 plus its
soluble receptor (P < 0.05) decreased adiponectin mRNA levels in
vitro. The inverse relationship between plasma adiponectin and cytokines in
vivo and the cytokine-induced reduction in adiponectin mRNA in vitro suggests
that endogenous cytokines may inhibit adiponectin. This could be of importance
for the association between cytokines (e.g., IL-6) and insulin resistance and
atherosclerosis.
interleukin-6; tumor necrosis factor-; interleukin-8; human adipose tissue
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