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This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 285/1/E116    most recent 00543.2002v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Web of Science (4) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Price, T. B. Articles by Rothman, D. L. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Price, T. B. Articles by Rothman, D. L.

Smoking impairs muscle recovery from exercise

Departments of ¹Diagnostic Radiology and ²Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510

Submitted 13 December 2002 ; accepted in final form 4 March 2003

Cigarette smoking is a leading cause of many adverse health consequences. Chronic nicotine exposure leads to insulin resistance and may increase the risk of developing non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in young otherwise healthy smokers. To evaluate smoking-induced effects on carbohydrate metabolism, we studied muscle glycogen recovery from exercise in a young healthy population of smokers. The study used ³¹P-¹³C NMR spectroscopy to compare muscle glycogen and glucose 6-phosphate levels during recovery in exercised gastrocnemius muscles of randomized cohorts of healthy male smokers (S) and controls (C). Data for the two groups were as follows: S, ≥20 cigarettes/day (n = 8), 24 ± 2 yr, 173 ± 3 cm, 70 ± 4 kg and age- and weight-matched nonsmoking C (n = 10), 23 ± 1 yr, 175 ± 3 cm, 67 ± 3 kg. Subjects performed single-leg toe raises to deplete glycogen to 20 mmol/l, and glycogen resynthesis was measured during the first 4 h of recovery. Plasma samples were assayed for glucose and insulin at rest and during recovery. Test subjects were recruited from the general community surrounding Yale University. Glycogen was depleted to similar levels in the two groups [23.5 ± 1.2 (S) and 19.1 ± 1.3 (C) mmol/l]. During the 1st h of recovery, glycogen synthesis rates were similar [13.8 ± 1.1 (S) and 15.3 ± 1.3 (C) mmol·l^-1·h^-1]. Between hours 1 and 4, glycogen synthesis was impaired in smokers [0.8 ± 0.2 (S) and 4.5 ± 0.5 (C) mmol·l^-1·h^-1, P = 0.0002] compared with controls. Glucose 6-phosphate was reduced in smokers during hours 1–4 [0.105 ± 0.006 (S) and 0.217 ± 0.019 (C) mmol/l, P = 0.0212]. We conclude that cigarette smoking impairs the insulin-dependent portion of muscle recovery from glycogen-depleting exercise. This impairment likely results from a reduction in glucose uptake.

carbon-13; nuclear magnetic resonance; metabolism; glycogen

This article has been cited by other articles:

				M. Montes de Oca, E. Loeb, S. H. Torres, J. De Sanctis, N. Hernandez, and C. Talamo Peripheral Muscle Alterations in Non-COPD Smokers Chest, January 1, 2008; 133(1): 13 - 18. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]