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Division of Nephrology, Departments of 1 Internal Medicine and 3 Pediatrics, University Hospital Groningen and 2 Groningen University Institute of Drug Exploration, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
Protein energy
malnutrition is present in 18 to 56% of hemodialysis patients. Because
hemodialysis has been regarded as a catabolic event, we studied whether
consumption of a protein- and energy-enriched meal improves the whole
body protein balance during dialysis in chronic hemodialysis (CHD)
patients. Patients were studied on a single day between dialysis (HD
protocol) in the morning while fasting and in the afternoon while
consuming six small test meals. Patients were also studied during two
separate dialysis sessions (HD+ protocol). Patients were fasted during one and consumed the meals during the other. Whole body protein metabolism was studied by primed constant infusion of
L-[1-13C]valine. During HD
, feeding changed
the negative whole body protein balance observed during fasting to a
positive protein balance. Dialysis deepened the negative balance during
fasting, whereas feeding during dialysis induced a positive balance
comparable to the HD
protocol while feeding. Plasma valine
concentrations during the studies were correlated with whole body
protein synthesis and inversely correlated with whole body protein
breakdown. We conclude that the consumption of a protein- and
energy-enriched meal by CHD patients while dialyzing can strongly
improve whole body protein balance, probably because of the increased
amino acid concentrations in blood.
protein turnover; stable isotope; valine
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