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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 284: E716-E725, 2003. First published December 10, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00365.2002
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Vol. 284, Issue 4, E716-E725, April 2003

Pathways for glucose disposal after meal ingestion in humans

Hans J. Woerle1, Christian Meyer1, Jean M. Dostou1, Niyaz R. Gosmanov1, Nazmul Islam1, Emilia Popa1, Steven D. Wittlin1, Stephen L. Welle1,2, and John E. Gerich1

Departments of 1 Medicine and 2 Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York 14642

To characterize postprandial glucose disposal more completely, we used the tritiated water technique, a triple-isotope approach (intravenous [3-H3]glucose and [14C]bicarbonate and oral [6,6-2H2]glucose) and indirect calorimetry to assess splanchnic and peripheral glucose disposal, direct and indirect glucose storage, oxidative and nonoxidative glycolysis, and the glucose entering plasma via gluconeogenesis after ingestion of a meal in 11 normal volunteers. During a 6-h postprandial period, a total of ~98 g of glucose were disposed of. This was more than the glucose contained in the meal (~78 g) due to persistent endogenous glucose release (~21 g): splanchnic tissues initially took up ~23 g, and an additional ~75 g were removed from the systemic circulation. Direct glucose storage accounted for ~32 g and glycolysis for ~66 g (oxidative ~43 g and nonoxidative ~23 g). About 11 g of glucose appeared in plasma as a result of gluconeogenesis. If these carbons were wholly from glucose undergoing glycolysis, only ~12 g would be available for indirect pathway glycogen formation. Our results thus indicate that glycolysis is the main initial postprandial fate of glucose, accounting for ~66% of overall disposal; oxidation and storage each account for ~45%. The majority of glycogen is formed via the direct pathway (~73%).

postprandial; glycolysis; gluconeogenesis; glycogen; carbohydrate oxidation


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