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1 School of Health Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria 3125; 2 Metabolic Research Unit, School of Health Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3217, Australia; 3 Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
The effects of a single bout of exercise
and exercise training on the expression of genes necessary for the
transport and 
-oxidation of fatty acids (FA), together with the gene
expression of transcription factors implicated in the regulation of FA
homeostasis were investigated. Seven human subjects (3 male, 4 female,
28.9 ± 3.1 yr of age, range 20-42 yr, body mass index 22.6 kg/m2, range 17-26 kg/m2) underwent a
9-day exercise training program of 60 min cycling per day at 63% peak
oxygen uptake (
O2 peak; 104 ± 14 W). On days 1 and 9 of the program, muscle
biopsies were sampled from the vastus lateralis muscle at rest, at the
completion of exercise, and again 3 h postexercise. Gene
expression of key components of FA transport [FA translocase
(FAT/CD36), plasma membrane-associated FA-binding protein],
-oxidation [carntine palmitoyltransferase(CPT) I,
-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase] and transcriptional control [peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)
, PPAR
,
PPAR coactivator 1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c]
were unaltered by exercise when measured at the completion and at
3 h postexercise. Training increased total lipid oxidation by 24% (P < 0.05) for the 1-h cycling bout. This increased
capacity for lipid oxidation was accompanied by an increased expression
of FAT/CD36 and CPT I mRNA. Similarly, FAT/CD36 protein abundance was
also upregulated by exercise training. We conclude that enhanced fat
oxidation after exercise training is most closely associated with the
genes involved in regulating FA uptake across the plasma membrane
(FAT/CD36) and across the mitochondrial membrane (CPT I).
mRNA; fat transporters; human
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