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Center for Human Nutrition and Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110
We evaluated lipid metabolism during 90 min of moderate-intensity (50% 
O2 peak)
cycle ergometer exercise in five men and five women who were matched on
adiposity (24 ± 2 and 25 ± 1% body fat, respectively) and
aerobic fitness (O2 peak: 49 ± 2 and 47 ± 1 ml · kg fat-free
mass
1 · min1, respectively).
Substrate oxidation and lipid kinetics were measured by using indirect
calorimetry and [13C]palmitate and
[2H5]glycerol tracer infusion. The total
increase in glycerol and free fatty acid (FFA) rate of appearance
(Ra) in plasma during exercise (area under the curve above
baseline) was ~65% greater in women than in men (glycerol
Ra: 317 ± 40 and 195 ± 33 µmol/kg, respectively; FFA Ra: 652 ± 46 and 453 ± 70 µmol/kg, respectively; both P < 0.05). Total fatty
acid oxidation was similar in men and women, but the relative
contribution of plasma FFA to total fatty acid oxidation was higher in
women (76 ± 5%) than in men (46 ± 5%; P < 0.05). We conclude that lipolysis of adipose tissue triglycerides
during moderate-intensity exercise is greater in women than in men, who
are matched on adiposity and fitness. The increase in plasma fatty acid
availability leads to a greater rate of plasma FFA tissue uptake and
oxidation in women than in men. However, total fat oxidation is the
same in both groups because of a reciprocal decrease in the oxidation
rate of fatty acids derived from nonplasma sources, presumably
intramuscular and possibly plasma triglycerides, in women.
gender; fatty acids; lipolysis; exercise; stable isotopes
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