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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283: E58-E65, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00504.2001
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Vol. 283, Issue 1, E58-E65, July 2002

Effect of gender on lipid kinetics during endurance exercise of moderate intensity in untrained subjects

Bettina Mittendorfer, Jeffrey F. Horowitz, and Samuel Klein

Center for Human Nutrition and Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110

We evaluated lipid metabolism during 90 min of moderate-intensity (50% VO2 peak) cycle ergometer exercise in five men and five women who were matched on adiposity (24 ± 2 and 25 ± 1% body fat, respectively) and aerobic fitness (VO2 peak: 49 ± 2 and 47 ± 1 ml · kg fat-free mass-1 · min-1, respectively). Substrate oxidation and lipid kinetics were measured by using indirect calorimetry and [13C]palmitate and [2H5]glycerol tracer infusion. The total increase in glycerol and free fatty acid (FFA) rate of appearance (Ra) in plasma during exercise (area under the curve above baseline) was ~65% greater in women than in men (glycerol Ra: 317 ± 40 and 195 ± 33 µmol/kg, respectively; FFA Ra: 652 ± 46 and 453 ± 70 µmol/kg, respectively; both P < 0.05). Total fatty acid oxidation was similar in men and women, but the relative contribution of plasma FFA to total fatty acid oxidation was higher in women (76 ± 5%) than in men (46 ± 5%; P < 0.05). We conclude that lipolysis of adipose tissue triglycerides during moderate-intensity exercise is greater in women than in men, who are matched on adiposity and fitness. The increase in plasma fatty acid availability leads to a greater rate of plasma FFA tissue uptake and oxidation in women than in men. However, total fat oxidation is the same in both groups because of a reciprocal decrease in the oxidation rate of fatty acids derived from nonplasma sources, presumably intramuscular and possibly plasma triglycerides, in women.

gender; fatty acids; lipolysis; exercise; stable isotopes


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