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1 Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Hospital of Aarhus, Aarhus Kommunehospital; and Institutes of 2 Experimental Clinical Research and 3 Clinical Pharmacology, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark.
Cortisol's effects on lipid metabolism are controversial and may involve stimulation of both lipolysis and lipogenesis. This study was undertaken to define the role of physiological hypercortisolemia on systemic and regional lipolysis in humans. We investigated seven healthy young male volunteers after an overnight fast on two occasions by means of microdialysis and palmitate turnover in a placebo-controlled manner with a pancreatic pituitary clamp involving inhibition with somatostatin and substitution of growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin at basal levels. Hydrocortisone infusion increased circulating concentrations of cortisol (888 ± 12 vs. 245 ± 7 nmol/l). Interstitial glycerol concentrations rose in parallel in abdominal (327 ± 35 vs. 156 ± 30 µmol/l; P = 0.05) and femoral (178 ± 28 vs. 91 ± 22 µmol/l; P = 0.02) adipose tissue. Systemic [3H]palmitate turnover increased (165 ± 17 vs. 92 ± 24 µmol/min; P = 0.01). Levels of insulin, glucagon, and growth hormone were comparable. In conclusion, the present study unmistakenly shows that cortisol in physiological concentrations is a potent stimulus of lipolysis and that this effect prevails equally in both femoral and abdominal adipose tissue.
microdialysis; corticosteroids
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