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Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282: E1316-E1323, 2002. First published February 11, 2002; doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00259.2001
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Vol. 282, Issue 6, E1316-E1323, June 2002

Analyte flux through chronically implanted subcutaneous polyamide membranes differs in humans and rats

N. Wisniewski1, N. Rajamand2, U. Adamsson3, P. E. Lins3, W. M. Reichert1, B. Klitzman1,4, and U. Ungerstedt2

Departments of 1 Biomedical Engineering and 4 Plastic Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27710; 2 Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm S-17177; and 3 Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm S-18288, Sweden

The rat is commonly used to evaluate physiological responses of subcutaneous tissue to implanted devices. In vivo longevity of various devices and the biocompatibility of biomaterials depend on how adjacent tissue interacts. How closely the rat model predicts the human response has not been well characterized. The objective of this study was to compare rat and human subcutaneous foreign body responses by monitoring the biochemical environment at a polymer-tissue interface over 8 days using microdialysis. Polyamide microdialysis probes were implanted subcutaneously in humans and rats (n = 12). Daily microdialysis samples were analyzed for glucose, lactate, pyruvate, glycerol, and urea. Blood glucose was also monitored. Analyte concentrations differed significantly between rats and humans at the implant-tissue interface. There were also qualitative differences in the 8-day trends. For example, over 8 days, microdialysate glucose increased two- to fourfold in humans but decreased in rats (P < 0.001). This study reveals profound physiological differences at material-tissue interfaces in rats and humans and highlights the need for caution when extrapolating subcutaneous rat biocompatibility data to humans.

wound healing and foreign body responses; microdialysis; diffusion; glucose monitoring; biosensor biocompatibility


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