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-D-glucuronide in rats
1 Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033; 2 Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, Kawaguchi 332-0012, Japan; and 3 Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital, CH-8901 Zurich, Switzerland
The gender
difference in the urinary excretion of estradiol-17
-glucuronide
(E2-17
G) was examined in rats. The urinary clearance of
E2-17
G was >250 times lower in male than in female
rats. No such major gender difference was observed in its biliary
excretion or metabolism in kidney homogenate. Both plasma protein
binding and inulin clearance were comparable in male and female rats, suggesting that this gender difference cannot be explained by glomerular filtration. The urinary clearance with respect to the plasma
unbound E2-17
G in male rats was <1% of the glomerular filtration rate, indicating its potential reabsorption by the kidney,
and this increased to a level comparable with that found in female rats
when dibromosulfophthalein was coinfused. A marked increase in
E2-17
G urinary excretion was also observed in male rats
that had undergone orchidectomy. Testosterone injections given to
female rats reduced the urinary excretion to a level comparable with
that of control male rats. The concomitant change in the expression of
the gene product for organic anion-transporting polypeptide Oatp1, of
which E2-17
G is a typical substrate, was found in the
kidney membrane fractions after these treatments. These results suggest
that urinary E2-17
G excretion is subject to hormonal
regulation and that the large gender difference can be explained by
regulation in Oatp1-mediated reabsorption.
gender difference; urinary excretion; reabsorption; organic anion-transporting polypeptide 1; multispecific resistance-associated protein 2
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