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Departments of 1 Surgery, 2 Internal Medicine, and 3 Physical Therapy, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77550
We investigated the effects
of 6 mo of near-physiological testosterone administration to older men
on skeletal muscle function and muscle protein metabolism. Twelve older
men (
60 yr) with serum total testosterone concentrations <17 nmol/l
(480 ng/dl) were randomly assigned in double-blind manner to receive
either placebo (n = 5) or testosterone enanthate (TE;
n = 7) injections. Weekly intramuscular injections were
given for the 1st mo to establish increased blood testosterone
concentrations at 1 mo and then changed to biweekly injections until
the 6-mo time point. TE doses were adjusted to maintain nadir serum
testosterone concentrations between 17 and 28 nmol/l. Lean body mass
(LBM), muscle volume, prostate size, and urinary flow were measured at
baseline and at 6 mo. Protein expression of androgen receptor (AR) and
insulin-like growth factor I, along with muscle strength and muscle
protein metabolism, were measured at baseline and at 1 and 6 mo of
treatment. Hematological parameters were followed monthly throughout
the study. Older men receiving testosterone increased total and leg LBM, muscle volume, and leg and arm muscle strength after 6 mo. LBM
accretion resulted from an increase in muscle protein net balance, due
to a decrease in muscle protein breakdown. TE treatment increased
expression of AR protein at 1 mo, but expression returned to pre-TE
treatment levels by 6 mo. IGF-I protein expression increased at 1 mo
and remained increased throughout TE administration. We conclude that
physiological and near-physiological increases of testosterone in older
men will increase muscle protein anabolism and muscle strength.
aging; muscle strength; lean body mass; insulin-like growth factor I
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