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Departments of 1 Human Physiology and 2 Medical Physiology, Copenhagen Muscle Research Centre, University of Copenhagen; and 3 Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Herlev Hospital, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
Substrate utilization across the leg
during 90 min of bicycle exercise at 58% of peak oxygen uptake
(
O2 peak) was studied in seven
endurance-trained males and seven endurance-trained, eumenorrheic
females by applying arteriovenous catheterization, stable isotopes, and
muscle biopsies. The female and male groups were matched according to
O2 peak per kilogram of lean body mass,
physical activity level, and training history of the subjects. All
subjects consumed the same diet, well controlled in terms of nutrient
composition as well as energy content, for 8 days preceding the
experiment, and all females were tested in the midfollicular phase of
the menstrual cycle. During exercise, respiratory exchange ratio (RER)
and leg respiratory quotient (RQ) were similar in females and males.
Myocellular triacylglycerol (TG) degradation was negligible in males
but amounted to 12.4 ± 3.2 mmol/kg dry wt in females and
corresponded to 25.0 ± 6.0 and 5.0 ± 7.3% of total oxygen
uptake in females and males, respectively (P < 0.05).
Utilization of plasma fatty acids (12.0 ± 2.5 and 9.6 ± 1.5%), blood glucose (13.6 ± 1.5 and 14.3 ± 1.5%), and
glycogen (48.5 ± 4.9 and 42.8 ± 2.1%) were similar in
females and males. Thus, in females, measured substrate oxidation
accounted for 99% of the leg oxygen uptake, whereas in males 28% of
leg oxygen uptake was unaccounted for in terms of measured oxidized
lipid substrates. These findings may indicate that males utilized
additional lipid sources, presumably very low density lipoprotein-TG or
TG located between muscle fibers. On the basis of RER and leg RQ, it is
concluded that no gender difference existed in the relative
contribution from carbohydrate and lipids to the oxidative metabolism
across the leg during submaximal exercise at the same relative
workload. However, an effect of gender appears to occur in the
utilization of the different lipid sources.
[13C]palmitate; plasma fatty acids; myocellular triacylglycerol; glucose; glycogen
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