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1 Department of Physiology, Göteborg University, 405 30 Goteborg; and 2 AstraZeneca Research and Development, 431 83 Molndal, Sweden
The effects of long-term chronic
growth hormone (GH) excess on lipid and lipoprotein metabolism were
investigated in 8-mo-old bovine GH (bGH)-transgenic mice. Total body
weight, serum cholesterol, insulin-like growth factor-I, and insulin
levels were higher, whereas serum levels of glucose, free fatty acids,
and triglycerides were lower in transgenic mice. Very low-density
lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol levels were lower, and low-density
lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were higher, in transgenic mice
irrespective of gender, whereas only transgenic male mice had higher
high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Total serum apolipoprotein
B (apoB) levels were not affected, but the amount of apoB in the LDL
fraction was higher in transgenic mice. Hepatic LDL receptor expression was unchanged, whereas apoB mRNA editing and hepatic triglyceride secretion rate were reduced in bGH-transgenic male mice. Both lipoprotein lipase activity in adipose and heart tissue and
-adrenergic-stimulated lipolysis were increased in transgenic male
mice. The relative weight of adipose tissue was lower in transgenic
mice, whereas hepatic triglyceride content was unchanged. Fat feeding
of the mice equalized serum triglycerides and free fatty acids in
bGH-transgenic and control mice. In summary, long-term GH excess is
associated with marked alterations in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism,
indicating decreased production and increased degradation of VLDL and
preferential flux of fatty acids to muscle tissues.
very low-density lipoprotein; low-density lipoprotein; high-density lipoprotein; apolipoprotein B; low-density lipoprotein receptor; apolipoprotein B mRNA editing
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